ISO3010 Table 1  
 Examples ofγE and kE

  1) example 1

Limit state

Degree of importance

γE

kE

Return period for kE

Ultimate state

a) high

1.5 to 2.0

0.4

500 years

b) normal

1.0

c) low

0.4 to 0.8

Serviceability state

a) high

1.5 to 3.0

0.08

20 years

b) normal

1.0

c) low

0.4 to 0.8

 

  2) example 2

Limit state

Degree of importance

γE

kE

Return period for kE

Ultimate state

a) high

3.0 to 4.0

0.2

100 years

b) normal

2.0

c) low

0.8 to 1.6

Serviceability state

a) high

0.6 to 1.2

b) normal

0.4

c) low

0.16 to 0.32

 

 

ISO3010 Table 2  
 Example of factor kD

Ductility class

kD

excellent ductility

1/5 to 1/3

medium ductility

1/3 to 1/2

poor ductility

1/2 to 1

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ISO3010 Table 3  
 Example of TC & T'C

Soil conditions

TC

T'C

stiff and hard

0.3 to 0.5

1/5 to 1/2 of TC

intermediate

0.5 to 0.8

loose and soft

0.8 to 1.2