Past earthquake and tsunami damages in Chile

 

We searched the earthquake catalog, “Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World”, under the conditions “Events caused Tsunami” and “Country: Chile” to find 70 events between 1562 and 2007 (some uncertain events are excluded).

In Table 1, we show the list of the events chosen among them under the additional condition that the casualty is equal to or larger than 100. For events after 1994, we change this condition to the one that there existed a casualty. There are 6 events for which the casualties are or exceed 1,000 including the 1960 M9.5 event. For the 1960 event (M 9.5), the damages in Chile and Japan are presented separately.

“Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World” was compiled by Prof. Tokuji Utsu and now are maintained and updated by the IISEE, BRI. Here, we show the list of earthquakes

 

Table 1: The events chosen from the earthquake catalog, “Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World”, under the conditions “Events caused Tsunami”, “Country: Chile”, that the casualty is equal to or larger than 100 (for events after 1994, we change the third condition to the one that there existed a casualty).

Year

Month

Day

Time

Latitude

Longitude

Depth

M

Tidal waves

Dead

Injured

Damage

Remark

1562

10

28

1000U

-38.7

-73.15

-

8

T

many

-

some

Chile:Santiago,Arauco(I=11)

1575

12

16

1830U

-39.8

-73.2

-

8.5

T

1500

-

some

Chile:Valdivia,Santiago(I=10) D=120 (2000U?)

1604

11

24

1830U

-17.9

-70.9

-

8.4

T

many

some

seve

Peru:Arequipa,Camana/Chile:Arica(I=10-11) 8.7W

1647

5

14

0230U

-33.4

-70.6

-

8.5

T

2000

-

seve

Chile:Santiago(I=11) D=1000

1657

3

15

2330U

-36.83

-73.03

-

8

T

many

-

seve

Chile:Concepcion,Chillan,Santiago(I=11)

1822

11

20

0230U

-33.1

-71.6

-

8.5

T

many

-

seve

Chile:Copiapo to Valdivia(I=11) Seacoast upheaved

1835

2

20

2230U

-33.5

-79

-

-

T

many

-

seve

Chile:Juan Fernandez Is.(possibly tsunami caused by the above quake)

1868

8

13

2045U

-18.5

-71

-

8.5

T

25000

-

extr

Chile/Peru(I=11) D=2000/115 thousand/40 thousand(2145U?) 8.8W

1877

5

10

0216U

-19.6

-70.2

-

8.3

T

many

some

seve

Chile:Iquique,Tarapaca(D=5 in Hawaii)(I=11)(possibly at 100U)

1906

8

17

0040U

-33

-72

25

8.4

T

3760

-

seve

Chile:Valparaiso(I=11) D=1500/20 thousand 8.1S

1922

11

11

0432U

-28.5

-70

25

8.5

T

1000

-

seve

Chile:Atacama D=600 8.3S 8.5W

1928

12

1

0406U

-35

-72

25

8

T

225

-

seve

Chile:Talca(I=10) D=218 8.0S

1960

5

22

1911U

-39.5

-74.5

-

9

T

5700

great

extr

Chile:[Chilean EQ] D=1743/2231 8.5S 9.5W

1960

5

23

0411L

-38.17

-72.57

0

9.5

T

142

872

D4

Chile South offshore[Chile earthquake tsunami] 8.5S 9.5W

1985

3

3

2247U

-33.14

-71.87

33

7.8

T

177

2575

seve

Chile:San Antonio,Valparaiso 7.9W

1995

7

30

0511U

-23.34

-70.29

46

7.3

T

3

59

mode

Chile:Antofagasta small tsunami in each area in Japan 8.0W

2001

6

23

2033U

-16.26

-73.64

33

8.2

T

139

2687

cons

Peru:Arequipa-Camana-Tacna area/Chile:Arica 8.4W

2007

4

21

1753U

-45.24

-72.65

37

6.3

T

10

-

limi

Chile:Puerto Aisen,rockslide(7missing) 6.2W

2007

11

14

1540U

-22.25

-69.89

40

7.4

t

2

65

mode

Chile:Tocopilla,Maria Elena(I=8) 7.7W

 

 

For the events that occurred on July 30, 1995, June 23, 2001, and November 14, 2007, earthquake information such as focal mechanisms, aftershock distributions, and rupture process models are available at the another earthquake catalog, “IISEE’s CMTs, Aftershock Distributions, Fault planes, and Rupture processes for recent large earthquakes in the world” (http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/eqcat/Top_page_en.htm. The search page: http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/eqcat/Top_page_en_s.htm, where the KML file for Google Earth is available). This catalog has been made and been updated by the IISEE, BRI. Figure 1 shows the focal mechanism, aftershock distribution, and rupture process model for the event on July 30, 1995. Figure 2 shows the focal mechanism and aftershock distribution for the event on June 23, 2001.

Figure 1: Fhe focal mechanism, aftershock distribution, and rupture process model for the event on July 30, 1995 (“IISEE’s CMTs, Aftershock Distributions, Fault planes, and Rupture processes for recent large earthquakes in the world” (http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/eqcat/Top_page_en.htm).

 

Figure 2 shows the focal mechanism and aftershock distribution for the event on June 23, 2001 (“IISEE’s CMTs, Aftershock Distributions, Fault planes, and Rupture processes for recent large earthquakes in the world” (http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/eqcat/Top_page_en.htm).