Section Venezuela 1
 Design Spectra
 The ordinates Ad of the design spectra are defined on the basis of the period T as Follows:

T < 0.15 sec
0.15 ≤ T < T*
T ≥ T* 

α = use coefficient given in Section 4；
R = response reduction factor given Section 5 (see Fig. 1)； 
Ao = maximum horizontal ground acceleration expressed as a fraction of g according to Table 2
β = average magnification factor according to Table 1；
T* = period given in Table 1；
p = exponent defining the descending branch of the spectrum according to Table 1；

 

Section Venezuela 2
 Permanent Loads
 Permanent Loads must include the weight of the construction elements in themselves, whether structural or not, as well as the weight of machinery and equipment whose mass is not negligible.

Variable Loads
In order to determine the total weight W, the percentages of the variable loads specified below must be added to the permanent loads: 

  1. Containers for liquids: 100% of the service load, for a full container.
  2. Storage and warehouses in general, where the load is permanent: 80% of the service load.
  3. Parking lots: the weight of the vehicles assuming full parking must be calculated; in no case, however, shall the value adopted be less than 50% of the variable service load provided for under the respective regulations.
  4. Story slabs in buildings, not included in (b) and (c) : 25% of the variable service load.
  5. Inaccessible roofs and terraces: 0% of the variable load.

　

Section Venezuela 3
 Determination
The building must be designed to withstand a base shear equal to:

Vo = CW

where:
C = the seismic coefficient determined pursuant to the analysis methods set forth
W = the total weight of the building above the base level; for this the permanent and variable loads specified in section 2 is to be taken into account.

α and Ao  In any event, the value of C shall not be less than , where α and Ao are defined in Section 1.

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Section Venezuela 4
 Use Coefficient
 In keeping with the foregoing classification, a use coefficient α is established as a set forth.

GROUP

α

A

1.25

B

1.00

The building in Group C do not require a seismic analysis.

　

Section Venezuela 5
 Response Reduction Factor
 For calculation of the ordinates of the design spectra a reduction factor R shall be used, as given by:

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